如何在Python中将datetime.timedelta转换为分钟和小时？

Question

我得到这样的开始日期：

from django.utils.timezone import utc
import datetime

start_date = datetime.datetime.utcnow().replace(tzinfo=utc)
end_date = datetime.datetime.utcnow().replace(tzinfo=utc)
duration = end_date - start_date

我得到这样的输出：

datetime.timedelta(0, 5, 41038)

如何将其转换为正常时间，如下所示？

10分钟1个小时是这样的

Answer 1

没有用于timedelta对象的内置格式化程序，但是您自己可以很容易地做到这一点：

days, seconds = duration.days, duration.seconds
hours = days * 24 + seconds // 3600
minutes = (seconds % 3600) // 60
seconds = seconds % 60

或者，等效地，如果您使用的是Python 2.7+或3.2+：

seconds = duration.total_seconds()
hours = seconds // 3600
minutes = (seconds % 3600) // 60
seconds = seconds % 60

现在，您可以根据需要打印它：

'{} minutes, {} hours'.format(minutes, hours)

例如：

def convert_timedelta(duration):
    days, seconds = duration.days, duration.seconds
    hours = days * 24 + seconds // 3600
    minutes = (seconds % 3600) // 60
    seconds = (seconds % 60)
    return hours, minutes, seconds
td = datetime.timedelta(2, 7743, 12345)
hours, minutes, seconds = convert_timedelta(td)
print '{} minutes, {} hours'.format(minutes, hours)

这将打印：

9 minutes, 50 hours

如果要获取“ 10分钟1小时”而不是“ 10分钟1小时”，则也需要手动执行此操作：

print '{} minute{}, {} hour{}'.format(minutes, 's' if minutes != 1 else '',
                                      hours, 's' if minutes != 1 else '')

或者，您可能想编写一个english_plural函数's'为您完成这些操作，而不是重复自己。

从您的评论看来，您实际上是想让日子分开。这更容易：

def convert_timedelta(duration):
    days, seconds = duration.days, duration.seconds
    hours = seconds // 3600
    minutes = (seconds % 3600) // 60
    seconds = (seconds % 60)
    return days, hours, minutes, seconds

如果要将其转换为单个值以存储在数据库中，然后将该单个值转换回以对其进行格式化，请执行以下操作：

def dhms_to_seconds(days, hours, minutes, seconds):
    return (((days * 24) + hours) * 60 + minutes) * 60 + seconds

def seconds_to_dhms(seconds):
    days = seconds // (3600 * 24)
    hours = (seconds // 3600) % 24
    minutes = (seconds // 60) % 60
    seconds = seconds % 60
    return days, hours, minutes, seconds

因此，将其放在一起：

def store_timedelta_in_database(thingy, duration):
    seconds = dhms_to_seconds(*convert_timedelta(duration))
    db.execute('INSERT INTO foo (thingy, duration) VALUES (?, ?)',
               thingy, seconds)
    db.commit()

def print_timedelta_from_database(thingy):
    cur = db.execute('SELECT duration FROM foo WHERE thingy = ?', thingy)
    seconds = int(cur.fetchone()[0])
    days, hours, minutes, seconds = seconds_to_dhms(seconds)
    print '{} took {} minutes, {} hours, {} days'.format(thingy, minutes, hours, days)