Python，Bash或CLI中的SQLite数据更改通知回调

Question

SQLite在CAPI中提供了数据更改通知回调。可以在SQLiteCLI，Bash或Python中使用这些回调吗？

如果是这样，怎么办？

Answer 1

可以从SQLite CLI使用这些回调…

仔细阅读SQLite源代码，看起来该功能似乎未在CLI源代码中的任何地方使用，因此我怀疑您可以通过CLI来完成此工作。

…或者来自Bash …

不知道那是什么意思。

…或来自Python？

它不是通过标准sqlite3模块公开的，但是可以与ctypes模块一起使用。

如果是这样，怎么办？

这是一个通过ctypes…使用它的快速示例。

from ctypes import *

# Define some symbols
SQLITE_DELETE =  9
SQLITE_INSERT = 18
SQLITE_UPDATE = 23

# Define our callback function
#
# 'user_data' will be the third param passed to sqlite3_update_hook
# 'operation' will be one of: SQLITE_DELETE, SQLITE_INSERT, or SQLITE_UPDATE
# 'db name' will be the name of the affected database
# 'table_name' will be the name of the affected table
# 'row_id' will be the ID of the affected row
def callback(user_data, operation, db_name, table_name, row_id):
    if operation == SQLITE_DELETE:
        optext = 'Deleted row'
    elif operation == SQLITE_INSERT:
        optext = 'Inserted row'
    elif operation == SQLITE_UPDATE:
        optext = 'Updated row'
    else:
        optext = 'Unknown operation on row'
    s = '%s %ld of table "%s" in database "%s"' % (optext, row_id, table_name, db_name)
    print(s)

# Translate into a ctypes callback
c_callback = CFUNCTYPE(c_void_p, c_void_p, c_int, c_char_p, c_char_p, c_int64)(callback)

# Load sqlite3
dll = CDLL('libsqlite3.so')

# Holds a pointer to the database connection
db = c_void_p()

# Open a connection to 'test.db'
dll.sqlite3_open('test.db', byref(db))

# Register callback
dll.sqlite3_update_hook(db, c_callback, None)

# Create a variable to hold error messages
err = c_char_p()

# Now execute some SQL
dll.sqlite3_exec(db, b'create table foo (id int, name varchar(255))', None, None, byref(err))
if err:
    print(err.value)
dll.sqlite3_exec(db, b'insert into foo values (1, "Bob")', None, None, byref(err))
if err:
    print(err.value)

…打印出来…

Inserted row 1 of table "foo" in database "main"

在第一次运行中

table foo already exists
Inserted row 2 of table "foo" in database "main"

在第二轮