Python逐行从子流程捕获stdout
我已经阅读了许多与此相关的问题并学到了很多东西,但是我仍然无法解决我的问题。我正在构建一个运行c
++可执行文件并实时显示该可执行文件的stdout的wxPython应用。我在尝试进行这项工作时遇到了一些奇怪的结果。这是我当前的设置/问题:
//test.cc (compiled as test.out with gcc 4.5.2)
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
FILE* fh = fopen("output.txt", "w");
for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
{
printf("Outputting: %d\n", i);
fprintf(fh, "Outputting: %d\n", i);
}
fclose(fh);
return 0;
}
#wxPythonScript.py (running on 2.7 interpreter)
def run(self):
self.externalBinary = subprocess.Popen(['./test.out'], shell=False, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
while not self.wantAbort:
line = self.externalBinary.stdout.readline()
wx.PostEvent(self.notifyWindow, Result_Event(line, Result_Event.EVT_STDOUT_ID))
print('Subprocess still running')
print('Subprocess aborted smoothly')
如果我运行上述代码,则子过程将花费很长时间才能完成,即使它要做的只是写出数据并退出。但是,如果我运行以下命令,它将很快完成:
#wxPythonScript.py (running on 2.7 interpreter)
def run(self):
outFile = open('output.txt', 'r+')
self.externalBinary = subprocess.Popen(['./test.out'], shell=False, stdout=outFile)
while not self.wantAbort:
#line = self.externalBinary.stdout.readline()
#wx.PostEvent(self.notifyWindow, Result_Event(line, Result_Event.EVT_STDOUT_ID))
print('Subprocess still running')
print('Subprocess aborted smoothly')
因此,基本上,每当我将stdout从子进程重定向到PIPE时,它都会减慢/挂起,但是如果我将其写入文件或根本不重定向它,那就很好了。这是为什么?
-
我仅在Windows上进行了测试,但是它可以在2.6.6、2.7.2和3.2.1中运行:
from __future__ import print_function from subprocess import PIPE, Popen from threading import Thread import sys try: from Queue import Queue, Empty except ImportError: from queue import Queue, Empty # python 3.x ON_POSIX = 'posix' in sys.builtin_module_names def enqueue_output(out, queue): for line in iter(out.readline, b''): line = line.decode(sys.stdout.encoding) queue.put(line) out.close() def main(): p = Popen(['c/main.exe'], stdout=PIPE, bufsize=1, close_fds=ON_POSIX) q = Queue() t = Thread(target=enqueue_output, args=(p.stdout, q)) t.daemon = True # thread dies with the program t.start() #initially the queue is empty and stdout is open #stdout is closed when enqueue_output finishes #then continue printing until the queue is empty while not p.stdout.closed or not q.empty(): try: line = q.get_nowait() except Empty: continue else: print(line, end='') return 0 if __name__ == '__main__': sys.exit(main())
输出:
Outputting: 0 Outputting: 1 Outputting: 2 ... Outputting: 9997 Outputting: 9998 Outputting: 9999
编辑:
readline()将阻塞,直到刷新程序的标准输出缓冲区为止,如果数据流是间歇性的,则可能需要很长时间。如果您可以编辑源代码,则一种方法是手动调用fflush(stdout),也可以在程序开始时使用setvbuf禁用缓冲。例如:
#include <stdio.h> int main() { setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 0); FILE* fh = fopen("output.txt", "w"); int i; for (i = 0; i < 10; i++) { printf("Outputting: %d\n", i); fprintf(fh, "Outputting: %d\n", i); sleep(1); } fclose(fh); return 0; }