使用Python调用DLL函数时出现ctypes.ArgumentError

发布于 2021-01-29 15:04:20

我使用ctypes根据描述DLL函数的参数并返回的描述文件来调用DLL文件中的函数。这是此DLL中称为InitNetwork的一个功能。下面是它的描述:

Function:BOOL InitNetwork(char  LocalIP[],char  ServerIP[],int  LocalDeviceID);
Arguments:LocalIP
           ServerIP
           LocalDeviceID
Return:Success:TRUE;
        Faile:FALSE;

我在Python中所做的是这样的:

from ctypes import *
import os

#Load Dll:
cppdll = CDLL("C:\\VS_projects\\MusicServer_Flask\\NetServerInterface.dll")

#Get the function:
initnetwork = getattr(cppdll, "?InitNetwork@@YAHQAD0H@Z")  # The function can be successfully accessed.

#specify arguments' types:
initnetwork.argtypes = [c_char_p,c_char_p,c_int]

之后,我尝试:

initnetwork("192.168.1.103", "192.168.1.103", 1111)

出现错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ctypes.ArgumentError: argument 1: <class 'TypeError'>: wrong type

如果我尝试这样做:

initnetwork(LocalIP = "192.168.1.103", ServerIP = "192.168.1.103", LocalDeviceID = 1111)

我会得到:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: this function takes at least 3 arguments (0 given)

为什么会出现这些错误?如何成功调用此函数?任何建议表示赞赏。感谢您的关注!

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1 个回答
  • 面试哥
    面试哥 2021-01-29
    为面试而生,有面试问题,就找面试哥。

    ctypes 官方文档:[Python 3.5]:ctypes-
    Python的外部函数库

    创建了一个虚拟 .dll 来模仿您的行为。

    dll.c

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <Windows.h>
    
    
    __declspec(dllexport) BOOL InitNetwork(char LocalIP[], char ServerIP[], int LocalDeviceID) {
        printf("From C:\n\tLocalIP: [%s]\n\tServerIP: [%s]\n\tLocalDeviceID: %d\n", LocalIP, ServerIP, LocalDeviceID);
        return TRUE;
    }
    

    检查[SO]:如何编译用C编写的64位dll?(@CristiFati的答案)以获取有关如何构建它的详细信息(采取了完全相同的步骤,在这种情况下,命令是:)cl /nologo /LD /DWIN64 /DWIN32 /Tp dll.c /link /OUT:NetServerInterface.dll

    (主要)问题在于,在 Python3中char*不再映射到 string ,而是映射到 bytes 对象。

    code.py

    import sys
    import ctypes
    from ctypes import wintypes
    
    
    FILE_NAME = "NetServerInterface.dll"
    FUNC_NAME = "?InitNetwork@@YAHQEAD0H@Z"  # Name different than yours: if func was declared as `extern "C"`, the "normal" name would be required
    
    
    def main():
        net_server_interface_dll = ctypes.CDLL(FILE_NAME)
        init_network = getattr(net_server_interface_dll, FUNC_NAME)
    
        init_network.argtypes = [ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_char_p, ctypes.c_int]
        init_network.restype = wintypes.BOOL
    
        init_network(b"192.168.1.103", b"192.168.1.103", 1111)
    
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        print("Python {:s} on {:s}\n".format(sys.version, sys.platform))
        main()
    

    输出

    (py35x64_test)
    

    e:\Work\Dev\StackOverflow\q050325050>”e:\Work\Dev\VEnvs\py35x64_test\Scripts\python.exe”
    code.py
    Python 3.5.4 (v3.5.4:3f56838, Aug 8 2017, 02:17:05) [MSC v.1900 64 bit
    (AMD64)] on win32

    From C:
            LocalIP: [192.168.1.103]
            ServerIP: [192.168.1.103]
            LocalDeviceID: 1111
    


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