Python TCP Server接受连接和广播命令

Question

我一直在使用多个Raspberry Pi，Python和一些按钮/开关进行游戏。我的游戏需要一个中央服务器，该服务器向多个客户端发出命令。

我不是编程新手，而是Python和较低级网络通信的新手，在过去两天里，我一直迷失在如何精确编写服务器代码方面。

客户端程序是一个简单的socket.connect，然后等待发送数据。那里没有问题。

我很难确定确切的编写方式以及如何使服务器正常工作。

这是我目前的服务器代码：

import socket, time, sys
import threading

TCP_IP = ''
TCP_PORT = 8888
BUFFER_SIZE = 1024
CLIENTS = {}
clientCount = 0

def listener():
    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    s.bind((TCP_IP,TCP_PORT))
    s.listen(5)
    while True:
        conn, addr = s.accept()
        print("new connection from:"+ str(addr))
        #print(len(CLIENTS))
        global clientCount
        clientCount = clientCount+1
        print (clientCount)
        # register client
        CLIENTS[conn.fileno()] = conn


def broadcast():
     for client in CLIENTS.values():
            client.send('this is a broadcats msg')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    listener()

    while clientCount > 0:
        broadcast()
        print(len(CLIENTS)) #print out the number of connected clients every 5s
        time.sleep(5)

这是所需的流程：1.服务器启动并等待第一个或更多连接。我相信这个“​​服务器”应该在后台线程上运行吗？2.如果connectionCount > 0启动主程序循环，则3.现在，主程序循环应仅显示已连接客户端的数量，并每5秒向所有客户端广播一条消息。

我有大约5个版本的服务器。我曾尝试过async，select.select和几种线程方法，但无法完全确定我寻求的行为。我应该将服务器置于后台线程中吗？如果是这样，如何广播到所有连接？

我唯一没有尝试过的就是Twisted，那是因为我无法在Windows中安装它……所以我暂时不考虑optino。如果有人在哪里进行指导，我将不胜感激！

更新资料

好的，根据@Armans的建议，我已经更新了代码，以便有一个服务器类，但它仍然执行相同的操作。

class server():

    def __init__(self):
        s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
        s.bind((TCP_IP,TCP_PORT))
        s.listen(10)
        while 1:
            client_socket, addr = s.accept()
            print ('Connected with ' + addr[0] + ':' + str(addr[1]))
            global clientCount
            clientCount = clientCount+1
            print (clientCount)
            # register client
            CLIENTS[client_socket.fileno()] = client_socket
            threading.Thread(target=self.handler, args=(client_socket, addr)).start()



    def handler(self, client_socket, addr):
        while 1:
            data = client_socket.recv(BUFFER_SIZE)
            print ('Data : ' + repr(data) + "\n")
            data = data.decode("UTF-8")


    def broadcast(self, message):
        for c in self.CLIENTS:
            c.send(message.encode("utf-8"))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    s = server() #create new server listening for connections

    while clientCount > 0:
        s.broadcast('msg here')
        print(len(CLIENTS)) #print out the number of connected clients every 5s
        time.sleep(5)

我可以连接多个客户端，并且控制台显示以下内容：

Connected with 10.0.0.194:38406
1
Connected with 10.0.0.169:36460
2

但是“ while clientCount”循环中的代码永远不会运行。这是我被困住一段时间的区域，因此，如果您还有更多想法，我将乐意为您提供任何想法！

Answer 1

终于成功了！非常感谢@Arman为我指出正确的穿线方向。我终于感觉到我知道一切正常！

这是我完整的服务器和客户端代码。希望这可以通过master> client
setup帮助其他人。_broadcast（）函数正在工作，因为您会看到它现在只广播静态msg，但这应该是一个简单的更新。

如果有人对代码清除有任何建议，请使用该代码作为示例的python最佳实践，我希望听到并了解更多。再次感谢SE！

##Client

import socket
import sys
import json

#vars
connected = False

#connect to server
client_socket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
client_socket.connect(('10.0.0.158',8888))
connected = True

while connected == True:
    #wait for server commands to do things, now we will just display things
    data = client_socket.recv(1024)     
    cmd = json.loads(data) #we now only expect json    
    if(cmd['type'] == 'bet'):
        bet = cmd['value']
        print('betting is: '+bet)
    elif (cmd['type'] == 'result'):        
        print('winner is: '+str(cmd['winner']))
        print('payout is: '+str(cmd['payout']))


##Server

import socket, time, sys
import threading
import pprint

TCP_IP = ''
TCP_PORT = 8888
BUFFER_SIZE = 1024

clientCount = 0

class server():

    def __init__(self):
        self.CLIENTS = []


    def startServer(self):
        try:
            s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
            s.bind((TCP_IP,TCP_PORT))
            s.listen(10)
            while 1:
                client_socket, addr = s.accept()
                print ('Connected with ' + addr[0] + ':' + str(addr[1]))
                global clientCount
                clientCount = clientCount+1
                print (clientCount)
                # register client
                self.CLIENTS.append(client_socket)
                threading.Thread(target=self.playerHandler, args=(client_socket,)).start()
            s.close()
        except socket.error as msg:
            print ('Could Not Start Server Thread. Error Code : ') #+ str(msg[0]) + ' Message ' + msg[1]
            sys.exit()


   #client handler :one of these loops is running for each thread/player   
    def playerHandler(self, client_socket):
        #send welcome msg to new client
        client_socket.send(bytes('{"type": "bet","value": "1"}', 'UTF-8'))
        while 1:
            data = client_socket.recv(BUFFER_SIZE)
            if not data: 
                break
            #print ('Data : ' + repr(data) + "\n")
            #data = data.decode("UTF-8")
            # broadcast
            for client in self.CLIENTS.values():
                client.send(data)

         # the connection is closed: unregister
        self.CLIENTS.remove(client_socket)
        #client_socket.close() #do we close the socket when the program ends? or for ea client thead?

    def broadcast(self, message):

        for c in self.CLIENTS:
            c.send(message.encode("utf-8"))

    def _broadcast(self):        
        for sock in self.CLIENTS:           
            try :
                self._send(sock)
            except socket.error:                
                sock.close()  # closing the socket connection
                self.CLIENTS.remove(sock)  # removing the socket from the active connections list

    def _send(self, sock):        
        # Packs the message with 4 leading bytes representing the message length
        #msg = struct.pack('>I', len(msg)) + msg
        # Sends the packed message
        sock.send(bytes('{"type": "bet","value": "1"}', 'UTF-8'))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    s = server() #create new server listening for connections
    threading.Thread(target=s.startServer).start()

    while 1:       
        s._broadcast()
        pprint.pprint(s.CLIENTS)
        print(len(s.CLIENTS)) #print out the number of connected clients every 5s
        time.sleep(5)