如何使用Python以提供者的身份通过Gmail发送电子邮件？

Question

我正在尝试使用python发送电子邮件（Gmail），但出现以下错误。

Traceback (most recent call last):  
File "emailSend.py", line 14, in <module>  
server.login(username,password)  
File "/usr/lib/python2.5/smtplib.py", line 554, in login  
raise SMTPException("SMTP AUTH extension not supported by server.")  
smtplib.SMTPException: SMTP AUTH extension not supported by server.

Python脚本如下。

import smtplib
fromaddr = '[e-mail]'
toaddrs  = '[e-mail]'
msg = 'Why,Oh why!'
username = '[e-mail]'
password = 'pwd'
server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com:587')
server.starttls()
server.login(username,password)
server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, msg)
server.quit()

Answer 1

你需要EHLO先直接说一下STARTTLS：

server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.gmail.com:587')
server.ehlo()
server.starttls()

此外，你应该真正创造From:，To:以及Subject:邮件标题，一个空行，并使用从邮件正文中分离出来CRLF作为EOL标志。

例如

msg = "\r\n".join([
  "From: [e-mail]",
  "To: [e-mail]",
  "Subject: Just a message",
  "",
  "Why, oh why"
  ])

Answer 2

def send_email(user, pwd, recipient, subject, body):
    import smtplib

    FROM = user
    TO = recipient if isinstance(recipient, list) else [recipient]
    SUBJECT = subject
    TEXT = body

    # Prepare actual message
    message = """From: %s\nTo: %s\nSubject: %s\n\n%s
    """ % (FROM, ", ".join(TO), SUBJECT, TEXT)
    try:
        server = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587)
        server.ehlo()
        server.starttls()
        server.login(user, pwd)
        server.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
        server.close()
        print 'successfully sent the mail'
    except:
        print "failed to send mail"

如果要使用端口465，则必须创建一个SMTP_SSL对象：

# SMTP_SSL Example
server_ssl = smtplib.SMTP_SSL("smtp.gmail.com", 465)
server_ssl.ehlo() # optional, called by login()
server_ssl.login(gmail_user, gmail_pwd)  
# ssl server doesn't support or need tls, so don't call server_ssl.starttls() 
server_ssl.sendmail(FROM, TO, message)
#server_ssl.quit()
server_ssl.close()
print 'successfully sent the mail'