Python-正则表达式,用于检测&循环的分号终止的C ++
在我的Python应用程序中,我需要编写一个与以分号()终止的C ++ for
或while
循环匹配的正则表达式;。例如,它应与此匹配:
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++);
…但是不是这个:
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
乍一看,这似乎很琐碎,直到你意识到左括号和右括号之间的文本可能包含其他括号,例如:
for (int i = funcA(); i < funcB(); i++);
我正在使用python.re模块。现在,我的正则表达式如下所示(我留了我的评论,以便你可以更轻松地理解它):
# match any line that begins with a "for" or "while" statement:
^\s*(for|while)\s*
\( # match the initial opening parenthesis
# Now make a named group 'balanced' which matches a balanced substring.
(?P<balanced>
# A balanced substring is either something that is not a parenthesis:
[^()]
| # …or a parenthesised string:
\( # A parenthesised string begins with an opening parenthesis
(?P=balanced)* # …followed by a sequence of balanced substrings
\) # …and ends with a closing parenthesis
)* # Look for a sequence of balanced substrings
\) # Finally, the outer closing parenthesis.
# must end with a semi-colon to match:
\s*;\s*
这对于上述所有情况都非常适用,但是一旦你尝试使for循环的第三部分包含一个函数,它就会中断,如下所示:
for (int i = 0; i < 10; doSomethingTo(i));
我认为这是有问题的,因为只要你在开始和结束括号之间放置一些文本,“平衡”组就会匹配包含该文本的文本,因此该(?P=balanced)
部分不再起作用,因为它不匹配(由于事实括号内的文本是不同的)。
在我的Python代码中,我使用VERBOSE和MULTILINE标志,并创建正则表达式,如下所示:
REGEX_STR = r"""# match any line that begins with a "for" or "while" statement:
^\s*(for|while)\s*
\( # match the initial opening parenthesis
# Now make a named group 'balanced' which matches
# a balanced substring.
(?P<balanced>
# A balanced substring is either something that is not a parenthesis:
[^()]
| # …or a parenthesised string:
\( # A parenthesised string begins with an opening parenthesis
(?P=balanced)* # …followed by a sequence of balanced substrings
\) # …and ends with a closing parenthesis
)* # Look for a sequence of balanced substrings
\) # Finally, the outer closing parenthesis.
# must end with a semi-colon to match:
\s*;\s*"""
REGEX_OBJ = re.compile(REGEX_STR, re.MULTILINE| re.VERBOSE)
有人可以建议对此正则表达式进行改进吗?对于我来说,变得太复杂了以至于无法理解。