如何在elasticsearch中配置同义词_路径

发布于 2021-02-01 11:53:15

我是Elasticsearch的新手,我想使用同义词,我在配置文件中添加了以下几行:

index :
    analysis :
        analyzer : 
            synonym :
                type : custom
                tokenizer : whitespace
                filter : [synonym]
        filter :
            synonym :
                type : synonym
                synonyms_path: synonyms.txt

然后我创建了一个索引测试:

"mappings" : {
  "test" : {
     "properties" : {
        "text_1" : {
           "type" : "string",
           "analyzer" : "synonym"
        },
        "text_2" : {
           "search_analyzer" : "standard",
           "index_analyzer" : "synonym",
           "type" : "string"
        },
        "text_3" : {
           "type" : "string",
           "analyzer" : "synonym"
        }
     }
  }

}

并使用以下数据插入类型测试:

{
"text_3" : "foo dog cat",
"text_2" : "foo dog cat",
"text_1" : "foo dog cat"
}

onymousy.txt包含“ foo,bar,baz”,当我搜索foo时,它返回我期望的结果,但是当我搜索baz或bar时,它返回零结果:

{
"query":{
"query_string":{
    "query" : "bar",
    "fields" : [ "text_1"],
    "use_dis_max" : true,
    "boost" : 1.0
}}}

结果:

{
"took":1,
"timed_out":false,
"_shards":{
"total":5,
"successful":5,
"failed":0
},
"hits":{
"total":0,
"max_score":null,
"hits":[
]
}
}
关注者
0
被浏览
148
1 个回答
  • 面试哥
    面试哥 2021-02-01
    为面试而生,有面试问题,就找面试哥。

    我不知道,如果您的问题是因为您为“
    bar”定义了错误的同义词。正如您所说的,您是一个非常新的人,我将举一个与您的例子相似的例子。我想展示一下Elasticsearch在搜索时和索引时如何处理同义词。希望能帮助到你。

    首先,创建同义词文件:

    foo => foo bar, baz
    

    现在,我使用您要测试的特定设置创建索引:

    curl -XPUT 'http://localhost:9200/test/' -d '{
      "settings": {
        "index": {
          "analysis": {
            "analyzer": {
              "synonym": {
                "tokenizer": "whitespace",
                "filter": ["synonym"]
              }
            },
            "filter" : {
              "synonym" : {
                  "type" : "synonym",
                  "synonyms_path" : "synonyms.txt"
              }
            }
          }
        }
      },
      "mappings": {
    
        "test" : {
          "properties" : {
            "text_1" : {
               "type" : "string",
               "analyzer" : "synonym"
            },
            "text_2" : {
               "search_analyzer" : "standard",
               "index_analyzer" : "standard",
               "type" : "string"
            },
            "text_3" : {
               "type" : "string",
               "search_analyzer" : "synonym",
               "index_analyzer" : "standard"
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }'
    

    请注意,onymous.txt必须与配置文件位于同一目录中,因为该路径相对于config目录。

    现在为文档编制索引:

    curl -XPUT 'http://localhost:9200/test/test/1' -d '{
      "text_3": "baz dog cat",
      "text_2": "foo dog cat",
      "text_1": "foo dog cat"
    }'
    

    现在搜索

    在字段text_1中搜索

    curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/test/_search?q=text_1:baz'
    {
      "took": 3,
      "timed_out": false,
      "_shards": {
        "total": 5,
        "successful": 5,
        "failed": 0
      },
      "hits": {
        "total": 1,
        "max_score": 0.15342641,
        "hits": [
          {
            "_index": "test",
            "_type": "test",
            "_id": "1",
            "_score": 0.15342641,
            "_source": {
              "text_3": "baz dog cat",
              "text_2": "foo dog cat",
              "text_1": "foo dog cat"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
    

    您得到该文档,因为baz是foo的同义词,并且在索引时间foo用其同义词扩展

    在字段text_2中搜索

    curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/test/_search?q=text_2:baz'
    

    结果:

    {
      "took": 2,
      "timed_out": false,
      "_shards": {
        "total": 5,
        "successful": 5,
        "failed": 0
      },
      "hits": {
        "total": 0,
        "max_score": null,
        "hits": []
      }
    }
    

    我没有获得成功,因为我在索引(标准分析器)时没有扩展同义词。而且,由于我正在搜索baz,并且baz不在文本中,所以没有任何结果。

    在字段text_3中搜索

    curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/test/_search?q=text_3:foo'
    {
      "took": 3,
      "timed_out": false,
      "_shards": {
        "total": 5,
        "successful": 5,
        "failed": 0
      },
      "hits": {
        "total": 1,
        "max_score": 0.15342641,
        "hits": [
          {
            "_index": "test",
            "_type": "test",
            "_id": "1",
            "_score": 0.15342641,
            "_source": {
              "text_3": "baz dog cat",
              "text_2": "foo dog cat",
              "text_1": "foo dog cat"
            }
          }
        ]
      }
    }
    

    注意:text_3是“巴兹狗猫”

    text_3是没有扩展同义词的索引。当我搜索foo时,它的同义词之一是“ baz”,我得到了结果。

    如果要调试,可以使用_analyze端点,例如:

    curl -XGET 'http://localhost:9200/test/_analyze?text=foo&analyzer=synonym&pretty=true'
    

    结果:

    {
      "tokens": [
        {
          "token": "foo",
          "start_offset": 0,
          "end_offset": 3,
          "type": "SYNONYM",
          "position": 1
        },
        {
          "token": "baz",
          "start_offset": 0,
          "end_offset": 3,
          "type": "SYNONYM",
          "position": 1
        },
        {
          "token": "bar",
          "start_offset": 0,
          "end_offset": 3,
          "type": "SYNONYM",
          "position": 2
        }
      ]
    }
    


知识点
面圈网VIP题库

面圈网VIP题库全新上线,海量真题题库资源。 90大类考试,超10万份考试真题开放下载啦

去下载看看