2000年英语专业四级考试模拟试题
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2000)
时长:135分钟 总分:100分
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题型介绍
| 题型 | 单选题 | 简答题 |
|---|---|---|
| 数量 | 90 | 3 |
PART I WRITING (45 MIN)
SECTION A COMPOSITION 35 MIN]
1.
It is now generally accepted that vehicles (cars, trucks, etc.) are a major source of air pollution in cities. You are to suggest only ONE way to solve the problem.
It is now generally accepted that vehicles (cars, trucks, etc.) are a major source of air pollution in cities. You are to suggest only ONE way to solve the problem.
Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a composition of about 150 words on the following topic:
ONE WAY TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM
You are to write in three paragraphs.
In the first paragraph, state what your suggested way is.
In the second paragraph, state one or two advantages of your suggestion.
In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks.
SECTION B NOTE-WRITING 10 MIN]
2.
Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:
Write on ANSWER SHEET ONE a note of about 50-60 words based on the following situation:
You are Mark or Sally. You have got a ticket to a computer fair, but you now find that you are unable to go. Write a note to your friend, George, explaining why you are sending the enclosed ticket to him and telling him briefly how to get there.
Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy.
PART Ⅱ DICTATION(15 MIN)
3.
Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 to 20seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2minutes to check through your work once more.
Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be read at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 to 20seconds. The last reading will be read at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2minutes to check through your work once more.
Please write whole passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO.
PART 1II LISTENING COMPREHENSION(20 MIN)
In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct response for each question on your answer sheet.
SECTION A STATEMENT
In this section you will hear eight statements. At the end of each statement you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.
Now, listen to the statements.
SECTION B CONVERSATION
In this section, you will hear nine short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.
Now, listen to the conversations.
SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST
Question 18 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.
Question 19 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.
Question 20 and 21 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be givens 20 seconds to answer the two questions. Now, listen to the news.
Question 22 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.
Questian23 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.
Questions 24 and 25 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.
PART Ⅳ CLOZE(15 MIN)
Decide which of the choices given below would correctly complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the correct choice for each blank an your answer sheet.
The way that people spend their money, and the objects on which they spend it, are the last areas where free choice and individuality can be expressed. The choice reflects personal taste, the way people see themselves and the fantasies they (26)about their lives, the restrictions on money available (27) them, the presence of others in the family with a (28) on that money, and the influence of current convention, (29) , surroundings and locality. Shopping is an important human activity.
Yet shoppers are (30) with a confusing situation and a(n) (31) changing one.
The confusion arises from the claims (32) adverting, from inadequate information about new products, new materials, new places to shop--a confusion enhanced by rising prices and a (n) ( 33 ) choice of goods than ever before.
The search (34) the right purchase is based on ignorance of (35) own needs and ignorance of the product's (36) for those needs. When choosing any particular item, there are several lines of communication which might provide some guidance. (37) none of these is entirely satisfactory. For example, you can ask a shop assistant initially. (38) you find one, she may quite (39) not know the answers. She may be a schoolgirl with a Saturday job, or a housewife (40) part-time.
PART Ⅴ GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY(15 MIN)
There are twenty-five sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that correctly completes the sentence.
54.
__ enough time and money, the researcher would have been able to discover more in this field.
58.
For the success of the project, the company should __ the most of the opportunities at hand.
60.
The discovery of new oil-fields in various parts of the country filled the government with __ hope.
65.
Things went well for her during her early life but in her middle age her __ seemed to change.
PART VI READING COMPREHENSION(30 MIN)
SECTION A READING COMPREHENSION 25 MIN]
In this part there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the correct answer.
TEXT A
People have been painting pictures for at least 30,000 years. The earliest pictures were painted by people who hunted animals. They used to paint pictures of the animals they wanted to catch and kill. Pictures of this kind have been found on the walls of caves in France and Spain. No one knows why they were painted there. Perhaps the painter thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals. Or perhaps human beings have always wanted to tell stories in pictures.
About 5,000 years ago the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as a kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also to represent the sounds of their language. The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet.
The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picture-writing and pictures together. When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Some of these pictures are like modem comic-strip (连环漫画) stories. It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip. But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way of writing simple. The ordinary people could not understand it.
By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea bad developed a simpler system of writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and there were fewer of them than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter, represented only one sound in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formed the letter of the Greek alphabet. The Romans copied the idea, and the Roman alphabet is now used all over the world.
These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But we still need pictures of all kinds, drawings, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find them everywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the walls of the places where we live and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they can make a story much more interesting.
70.
The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following reasons EXCEPT
TEXT B
Human beings have used tools for a very long time. In some parts of the world you can still find tools that people used more titan two million years ago. They made these tools by hitting one stone against another. In this way they broke off pieces from one of the stones. These chips of stone were usually sharp on one side. People used them for cutting meat and skin from dead animals and also for malting other tools out of wood. Human beings needed to use tools because they did not have sharp teeth like other meat--eating animals, such as lions and tigers. Tools helped people to get food more easily.
Working with tools also helped to develop human intelligence. The human brain grew bigger, and human beings began to invent more and more tools and machines. The stone chip was one of the flint tools that people used, and perhaps it is the most important. Some scientists say that it was the key to the success of mankind.
Since 1960 a new kind of tool tins appeared. This is the silicon chip--a little chip of silicon crystal (硅晶体). It is smaller than a finger-nail, but it can store more than a million "bits" of information. It is an electronic brain.
Every year these chips get cleverer, but their size gets smaller, and their cost gets less. They are used in watches, calculators and intelligent machines that we can use in many ways.
In the future we will not need to work with tools in the old way. Machines will do everything for us. They will even talk and play games with us. People will have plenty of spare time. But what will they do with it?
Human beings used stone chips for more than two million yearn, but human life changed very little in that time. We have used silicon chips for only a few years, but life is changing faster every day. What will life be like twenty years from now? What will the world be like two million years from now?
TEXT C
A century ago in the United States, when an individual brought suit against a company, public opinion tended to protect that company. But perhaps this phenomenon was most striking in the case of the railroads. Neatly haft of all negligence( 过失 ) cases decided through 1896 involved railroads. And the railroads usually won.
Most of the cases were derided in state courts, when the railroads had the climate of the times on their sides. Government supported the railroad industry; the progress railroads represented was not to be slowed down by requiring them often to pay damages to those unlucky enough to be hurt working for them.
Court decisions always went against railroad workers. A Mr. Farwell, an engineer, lost his right hand when a switchman's negligence ran his engine off the track. The court reasoned, that since Farwell had taken the job of an engineer voluntarily at good pay, he had accepted the risk. Therefore the accident, though avoidable had the switchmen acted carefully, was a "pure accident". In effect a railroad could never be held responsible for injury to one employee caused by the mistake of another.
In one case where a Pennsylvania Railroad worker had started a fire at a warehouse and the fire had spread several blocks, causing widespread damage, a jury found the company responsible for all the damage. But the court overturned the jury's decision because it argued that the railroad's negligence was the immediate cause of damage only to the nearest buildings. Beyond them the connection was too remote to consider.
As the century were on, public sentiment began to turn against the railroads--against their economic and political power and high fares as well as against their callousness(无情) toward individuals.
TEXT D
Hawaii's native minority is demanding a greater degree of sovereignty over its own affairs. But much of the archipelago's political establishment, which includes the White Americans who dominated until the second world war and people of Japanese, Chinese mint Filipino origin, is opposed to the idea.
The islands were annexed by the US in 1898 and since then Hawaii's native people have fared worse than any of its other ethnic groups. They make up over 60 percent of the state's homeless, suffer higher levels of unemployment and their life span is five years less than the average Hawaiians. They are the only major US native group without some degree of autonomy.
But a sovereignty advisory committee set up by Hawaii's first native governor, John Waihee, has given the natives' cause a major boost by recommending that the Hawaiian natives decide by themselves whether to re-establish a sovereign Hawaiian nation.
However, the Hawaiian natives are not united in their demands. Some just want greater autonomy within the state--as enjoyed by many American Indian natives over matters such as education. This is a position supported by the Office of Hawaiian Affairs (OHA), a state agency set up in 1978 to represent the natives' interests and which has now become the moderate face of the native sovereignty movement. More ambitious is the Ka Lahui group, which declared itself a new nation in 1987 and wants full, official independence from the US.
But if Hawaiian natives are given greater autonomy, it is far from dear how many people this will apply to. The state authorities only count as native those people with more than 50 percent Hawaiian blood.
Native demands are not just based on political grievances, though. They also want their claim on 660,000 hectares of Hawaiian crown land to be accepted. It is on this issue that native groups are facing most opposition from the state authorities. In 1993, the state government paid the OHA US $136 million in back rent on the crown land and many officials say that by accepting this payment the agency has given up its claims to legally own the land. The OHA has vigorously disputed this.
SECTION B SKIMMING & SCANNING
In this section there are six passages with a total of ten multiple choice questions. Skim or scan them as required and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.
TEXT E
First read the following question.
Outdoor advertising provides the advertiser with the largest colorful display of his product, package, trade mark, and slogan. It embraces the most spectacular use of light and animation in order to attract a passer-by and deliver a message. It provides visual continuity to a campaign that may also be appearing in other media.
Outdoor advertising has a high degree of geographic flexibility. An advertiser can use it nationally, by region, by markets, and even by specific locations within those markets.
Outdoor advertising can be memorable. During an interview eight people out of ten revealed that they remembered specific outdoor posters.
A problem in using outdoor advertising is that of getting reliable data on the number of people who actually see an advertising. It may also take time to negotiate for the space for a specific outdoor advertising location, to print the posters, or to paint the board.
Now, read TEXT E quickly and mark your answer an your answer sheet.
TEXT F
First read the following question.
Now, read TEXT F quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.
For centuries Oxford has been at Britain's intellectual heart, perhaps the most prestigious among Europe's many ancient universities. Oxford has attracted students and scholars from all over the world who have gone on to achieve the highest positions in their countries. Alumni includes numerous famous scientists, literary figures, and overseas politicians.
As a place of learning Oxford's beginnings go back to the Middle Ages. Legend has it that Alfred laid its foundations at the end of the ninth century. Certainly by the 12th century scholars were teaching in the town and their fame had spread to the Continent, particularly to the Sorbonnes in Paris, then Europe's greatest center of learning. A group of English scholars left the French capital in 1167 to settle in Oxford and the place became a magnet for students and teachers from all over Britain. Today Oxford is a large, busy city, but the ancient university buildings in the center have remained largely untouched by the urban expansion.
While most old universities have modernized radically to accommodate their growing populations, Oxford has managed to expand while still preserving its traditional structure. The 36 existing colleges are independent, self-governing institutions operating under the umbrella of the University of Oxford.
TEXT G
First read the following question.
Now, read TEXT G quickly and mark your answer on your answer sheet.
The industrial societies have been extremely productive during the last two centuries. The economic advance has been remarkable. During this relatively short period of time, greater changes in people's living conditions have occurred than in the thousands of years which preceded.
During the past 200 years the world population has increased 6 times, the annual world output has increased 80 times, and the distance a person can travel has gone up 1,000 times. There has also been much recent progress in art, culture, learning and science. Such changes have led to a high rate of production and growth of the economy.
Economists fear that within the next 100 to 150 yearn, the earth's resources will become very scarce. Their feats are partly justified, but we should not be afraid. Industrial civilization adapts to new knowledge. By advancing knowledge, we do not only create new forms of resources, but we also find ways to economize their use. Advanced modem knowledge can feed the hungry people of the world and improve their standard of living.
TEXT H
First read the following questions.
89.
