2011年中石油职称英语真题
时长:120分钟 总分:100分
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题型介绍
| 题型 | 单选题 | 简答题 |
|---|---|---|
| 数量 | 70 | 1 |
I. Vocabulary
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence thereare four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
7.
The Atlantic hydrographic chart is being __ continuously; even as we speaksubmarines are charting the Arctic basin under the ice.
9.
When all the present oilfields are__ , its is possible that the North Pole maybecome the scene of oil activity.
11.
Whereas outside the USA, Coke tends to be a young person's drink, inside theUSA anybody of any age can drink it on any__ without embarrassment.
13.
A professional degree will __ an average annual income of about twice that ofcollege graduates.
14.
That caves of Altamira, which were __ in northern Spain, contain interestingpaintings by early cave dwellers.
15.
A green building is __ to have reduced its environmental impact by 60%compared with an equivalent conventional building.
16.
If you do not know the subject, you will not understand what is said or written,even if English is your mother __
17.
You will find the figure of a conqueror or a general on all the highest __ in thegreat cities of the world.
II. Grammatical Structure
Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence thereare four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.
29.
My grandma noticed that the girl __ a short-sleeved dress, so she gave the girl anew sweater.
30.
Though in New York, Peter had always preferred to record the plain facts ofsmall town life.
37.
Ecology, __ the relationships between organisms and their environments, is alsoimportant in petroleum geology.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: There are 5 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by4questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the AnswerSheet.
Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:
The Antarctica treaty applies to all areas (the high seas excepted) below latitude 60degrees south. This line, running around the globe some 2,000 miles from the South Poleitself, just misses the lower tip of South America, and is well below the Cape of GoodHope and New Zealand. There are a number of small islands between this line and theAntarctic continent, but the waters here are known to mariners as "the screaming Sixties"because there is so little obstruction to the world-circling winds.
In contrast, in the northern hemisphere, the lands lying above the sixtieth parallel oflatitude include much of Scandinavia, Siberia and Alaska, all of Greenland and Iceland,with a total population of several million. Great mountains help subdue the winds; a spurof the Gulf Stream and part of the Japan Current temper the frigid airs of this polar region.This, and the presence of the Arctic Ocean in the center of the great land mass, give thearea a markedly different conformation and climate from that around the opposite pole.Antarctica seems a vast basin of rock, filled and overflowing with a load of ice. In theheart of the continent it is almost as high as the summits of the Alps, yet soundings showthat in some places the rock floor is below sea level. Actually, the ice accumulation isless than it was perhaps 1,000 years ago. Its seaward flow is not so voluminous as itonce was, and as a result there are patches of bare rock here and there along the coastand inland. They were scoured clear of soil ages ago, but one may sometimes find mossor lichens growing, though virtually no flowering plants.
Questions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage:
Americans smoke six thousand million cigarettes every year (1970 figures). This isroughly the equivalent of 4,195 cigarettes a year for every person in the country of 18years of age or more. It is estimated that 51% of American men smoke compared with 34%of American women. Since 1939, numerous scientific studies have been conducted todetermine whether smoking is a health hazard. Research teams have conducted studiesthat show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking, particularly cigarettesmoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy. Cigarette smoking is believed bymost research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancerof the lungs and cancer of the throat. Male cigarette smokers have a higher death ratefrom heart disease than non-smoking males. (Female smokers are thought to be lessaffected because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply.) The majority of doctorsand researchers consider these relationships proved their point and say, "Give upsmoking. If you don't smoke--don't start!" Some doctors and research workers--thoughtheir small number is decreased even further--are less sure of the effect of cigarettesmoking on health. They consider the increase in respiratory diseases and various formsof cancer may possibly be explained by other factors in the human environment—atmospheric pollution, increased nervous stress, chemical substance in processed food,or chemical pesticides that are now being used by farmers in large quantities to destroyinsects and small animals. Smokers who develop cancer or lung diseases, they say, mayalso, by coincidence, live in industrial areas or eat more canned food. Gradually, however,research is isolating all other possible factors and proving them to be statistically irrelevant. Apart from the scientific statistics, it might be helpful to look at what smokingtobacco actually does to the human body. Smoke is a mixture of gases, vaporizedchemicals, small particles of ash, and other solids. There is also nicotine, which is apowerful poison, and black tar. As the smoke is breathed in, all these components formdeposits on the membranes of the lungs. One point of concentration is where the air tube,or bronchus, divides. Most lung cancer begins at this point.
Smoking also affects the heart and blood vessels. It is known to be related toBeurger's disease, a narrowing of the small vessels in the hands and feet that can causegreat pain and lead even to the amputation of limbs. While all tobacco smoking affectslife and expectancy and health, cigarette smoking appears to have a much greater effectthan cigar or pipe smoking. However, nicotine consumption is not decreased by the latterforms, and current research shows a causal relationship between all forms of smokingand cancer of the mouth and throat. Filters and low tar tobacco are claimed to makesmoking to some extent safer, but they can only reduce, not eliminate the hazards.
Questions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage:
From National to International
Do you have what it takes?
It's our job to help you make that leap.
The world is waiting. Are you ready?
Is your small business ready to make that next step and expand abroad? A recentsurvey estimates that up to 40% of all small businesses are intending to do just that. Isyour business making up this 40%? Making that move and expanding into the international market requires a different approach fi.om the one you're used to. On anational level, it is often enough to sell the right products at the right price. Failure toadopt a different sales approach on the international market can often lead to failure asinternational customers expect different things. This is where we come in. The rightknowledge and the right preparation can make all the difference on the internationallevel.
The main aspects of the program we offer are:
1) How can weaknesses be identified and reduced?
2) How are cultural differences handled in the business world?
3) In-depth knowledge of district law, how does it help?
4) How can we target the right kind of international customers and how can wefinance this bigger, more complicated international operation?
5) What can be done to create a foolproof business plan?
Cost of the course:
$2,000 per person. If 4 or more people apply from the same company, thendiscounts can be arranged. Course times can be changed to accommodate youremployees' schedule. This course is fully accredited by some top level colleges anduniversities.
Questions 53 to 56 are based on the following passage:
With the widespread and still growing use of personal computers, typing has becomean indispensable part of our ordinary lives. As a result, many users now find they can'twrite even familiar words though they can type them quickly and correctly on a computerkeyboard. To make matters worse, some people even forget how to write at all. Currently,90 percent of students in America, a nation which has completely adapted to everydayuse of computers and the Internet, are unable to write properly and clearly because theyhave been typing onto keyboards since early childhood. Many younger teachers alsohave trouble writing clearly on blackboard. A university student never imagined that hewould lose the chance to get his first job because of his handwriting problem. Anotherstudent, for fear that she wouldn't be able to write well when doing the test papers for theuniversity entrance examination, quit using a computer for two months before the exam."It is not surprising," an expert of psychological medicine said. "The occurrence can beattributed to several factors. Firstly, it's the result of social developments and the workneeds of constant computer use. Secondly, it relates to introverted (~ Ih] ~) personalcharacter and lack of self-control abilities especially for those students who indulge inplaying computer games." Experts also think that many activities on computers makepeople's thoughts simplified, which also affects their lives in other aspects, such as howthey communicate with others and the way they think. Writing can strengthen humanbody's functions in psychology and physiology, which cannot be substituted by typing intoa computer. Relevant research indicates that inscribing or drawing something on papercan leave a deep impression in the language processing areas of the central nervoussystem in the brain. This process does not occur when typing on a computer. Experts'tips are arranging work time well and paying particular attention to not working in front ofthe screen for long periods of time and trying to read books and writing down something,such as keeping a diary or making notes with a pen regularly--it's a good way tostrengthen the formation of words in one's memory.
53.
