本文内容纲要：Spring整合SpringDataJPA 的环境搭建
环境搭建：
步骤：1.引入坐标；2.配置spring的配置文件（整合jpa）；3.编写实体类，使用 jpa 注解配置映射关系；4.编写dao层接口；5. 简单测试分析。
-
pom文件配置：
4.0.0 <groupId>cn.itcast</groupId> <artifactId>jpa-day2</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <properties> <spring.version>5.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version> <hibernate.version>5.0.7.Final</hibernate.version> <slf4j.version>1.6.6</slf4j.version> <log4j.version>1.2.12</log4j.version> <c3p0.version>0.9.1.2</c3p0.version> <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- junit单元测试 --> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>4.12</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- spring beg --> <dependency> <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId> <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId> <version>1.6.8</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- spring对orm框架的支持包--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- spring end --> <!-- hibernate beg --> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> <version>${hibernate.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> <version>5.2.1.Final</version> </dependency> <!-- hibernate end --> <!-- c3p0 beg --> <dependency> <groupId>c3p0</groupId> <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId> <version>${c3p0.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- c3p0 end --> <!-- log end --> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>${log4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${slf4j.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- log end --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- spring data jpa 的坐标--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId> <version>1.9.0.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <!-- el beg 使用spring data jpa 必须引入 --> <dependency> <groupId>javax.el</groupId> <artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId> <version>2.2.4</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId> <artifactId>javax.el</artifactId> <version>2.2.4</version> </dependency> <!-- el end --> </dependencies> -
配置spring 配置文件（整合jpa）：applicationContext.xml
<!--spring 和 spring data jpa的配置--> <!-- 1.创建entityManagerFactory对象交给spring容器管理--> <bean id="entityManagerFactoty" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> <!--配置的扫描的包（实体类所在的包） --> <property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.hcc.domain" /> <!-- jpa的实现厂家 --> <property name="persistenceProvider"> <bean class="org.hibernate.jpa.HibernatePersistenceProvider"/> </property> <!--jpa的供应商适配器 --> <property name="jpaVendorAdapter"> <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"> <!--配置是否自动创建数据库表 --> <property name="generateDdl" value="false" /> <!--指定数据库类型 --> <property name="database" value="MYSQL" /> <!--数据库方言：支持的特有语法 --> <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" /> <!--是否显示sql --> <property name="showSql" value="true" /> </bean> </property> <!--jpa的方言 ：高级的特性 --> <property name="jpaDialect" > <bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect" /> </property> </bean> <!--2.创建数据库连接池 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="user" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="root"></property> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:mysql:///springdatajpa" ></property> <property name="driverClass" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> </bean> <!--3.整合spring dataJpa--> <jpa:repositories base-package="cn.itcast.dao" transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager" entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactoty" ></jpa:repositories> <!--4.配置事务管理器 --> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactoty"></property> </bean> <!-- 4.txAdvice--> <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes> <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> <tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="find*" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="*" propagation="REQUIRED"/> </tx:attributes> </tx:advice> <!-- 5.aop--> <aop:config> <aop:pointcut id="pointcut" expression="execution(* cn.hcc.service.*.*(..))" /> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut" /> </aop:config> <!--5.声明式事务 --> <!-- 6. 配置包扫描--> <context:component-scan base-package="cn.hcc" ></context:component-scan>
3.编写实体类，使用 jpa 注解配置映射关系:
package cn.hcc.domain;
import javax.persistence.*;
/**
* 客户的实体类
* 配置映射关系
*
*
* 1.实体类和表的映射关系
* @Entity:声明实体类
* @Table : 配置实体类和表的映射关系
* name : 配置数据库表的名称
* 2.实体类中属性和表中字段的映射关系
*
*
*/
@Entity
@Table(name = "cst_customer")
public class Customer {
/**
* @Id：声明主键的配置
* @GeneratedValue:配置主键的生成策略
* strategy
* GenerationType.IDENTITY ：自增，mysql
* * 底层数据库必须支持自动增长（底层数据库支持的自动增长方式，对id自增）
* GenerationType.SEQUENCE : 序列，oracle
* * 底层数据库必须支持序列
* GenerationType.TABLE : jpa提供的一种机制，通过一张数据库表的形式帮助我们完成主键自增
* GenerationType.AUTO ： 由程序自动的帮助我们选择主键生成策略
* @Column:配置属性和字段的映射关系
* name：数据库表中字段的名称
*/
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@Column(name = "cust_id")
private Long custId; //客户的主键
@Column(name = "cust_name")
private String custName;//客户名称
@Column(name="cust_source")
private String custSource;//客户来源
@Column(name="cust_level")
private String custLevel;//客户级别
@Column(name="cust_industry")
private String custIndustry;//客户所属行业
@Column(name="cust_phone")
private String custPhone;//客户的联系方式
@Column(name="cust_address")
private String custAddress;//客户地址
public Long getCustId() {
return custId;
}
public void setCustId(Long custId) {
this.custId = custId;
}
public String getCustName() {
return custName;
}
public void setCustName(String custName) {
this.custName = custName;
}
public String getCustSource() {
return custSource;
}
public void setCustSource(String custSource) {
this.custSource = custSource;
}
public String getCustLevel() {
return custLevel;
}
public void setCustLevel(String custLevel) {
this.custLevel = custLevel;
}
public String getCustIndustry() {
return custIndustry;
}
public void setCustIndustry(String custIndustry) {
this.custIndustry = custIndustry;
}
public String getCustPhone() {
return custPhone;
}
public void setCustPhone(String custPhone) {
this.custPhone = custPhone;
}
public String getCustAddress() {
return custAddress;
}
public void setCustAddress(String custAddress) {
this.custAddress = custAddress;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Customer{" +
"custId=" + custId +
", custName='" + custName + '\'' +
", custSource='" + custSource + '\'' +
", custLevel='" + custLevel + '\'' +
", custIndustry='" + custIndustry + '\'' +
", custPhone='" + custPhone + '\'' +
", custAddress='" + custAddress + '\'' +
'}';
}
}
4.dao接口编写：不需要写任何东西就可以做一些简单的增删改查；
/**
* 符合SpringDataJpa的dao层接口规范
* JpaRepository<操作的实体类类型，实体类中主键属性的类型>
* * 封装了基本CRUD操作
* JpaSpecificationExecutor<操作的实体类类型>
* * 封装了复杂查询（分页）
*/
public interface CustomerDao extends JpaRepository<Customer,Long> ,JpaSpecificationExecutor<Customer> {
}
5.进行方法的测试：
package cn.hcc.test;
import cn.hcc.dao.CustomerDao;
import cn.hcc.domain.Customer;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;
import java.util.List;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //声明spring提供的单元测试环境
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:applicationContext.xml")//指定spring容器的配置信息
public class CustomerDaoTest {
@Autowired
private CustomerDao customerDao;
/**
* 根据id查询
*/
@Test
public void testFindOne() {
Customer customer = customerDao.findOne(4l);
System.out.println(customer);
}
/**
* save : 保存或者更新
* 根据传递的对象是否存在主键id，
* 如果没有id主键属性：保存
* 存在id主键属性，根据id查询数据，更新数据
*/
@Test
public void testSave() {
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setCustName("hcc");
customer.setCustLevel("vip");
customer.setCustIndustry("it学习");
customerDao.save(customer);
}
@Test
public void testUpdate() {
Customer customer = new Customer();
customer.setCustId(4l);
customer.setCustName("hcc很厉害");
customerDao.save(customer);
}
@Test
public void testDelete () {
customerDao.delete(3l);
}
/**
* 查询所有
*/
@Test
public void testFindAll() {
List<Customer> list = customerDao.findAll();
for(Customer customer : list) {
System.out.println(customer);
}
}
/**
* 测试统计查询：查询客户的总数量
* count:统计总条数
*/
@Test
public void testCount() {
long count = customerDao.count();//查询全部的客户数量
System.out.println(count);
}
/**
* 测试：判断id为4的客户是否存在
* 1. 可以查询以下id为4的客户
* 如果值为空，代表不存在，如果不为空，代表存在
* 2. 判断数据库中id为4的客户的数量
* 如果数量为0，代表不存在，如果大于0，代表存在
*/
@Test
public void testExists() {
boolean exists = customerDao.exists(4l);
System.out.println("id为4的客户 是否存在："+exists);
}
/**
* 根据id从数据库查询
* @Transactional : 保证getOne正常运行
*
* findOne：
* em.find() :立即加载
* getOne：
* em.getReference :延迟加载
* * 返回的是一个客户的动态代理对象
* * 什么时候用，什么时候查询
*/
@Test
@Transactional
public void testGetOne() {
Customer customer = customerDao.getOne(4l);
System.out.println(customer);
}
}
本文内容总结：Spring整合SpringDataJPA 的环境搭建
原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/hellohcc/p/10869574.html