作者：VB.NET开发
项目：Syste
' 导入命名空间
Imports System.Globalization
Public Class DummyProvider
Implements IFormatProvider
' Normally, GetFormat returns an object of the requested type
' (usually itself) if it is able; otherwise, it returns Nothing.
Public Function GetFormat( argType As Type ) As Object _
Implements IFormatProvider.GetFormat
' Here, GetFormat displays the name of argType, after removing
' the namespace information. GetFormat always returns Nothing.
Dim argStr As String = argType.ToString( )
If argStr = "" Then argStr = "Empty"
argStr = argStr.Substring( argStr.LastIndexOf( "."c ) + 1 )
Console.Write( "{0,-20}", argStr )
Return Nothing
End Function
End Class
Module ConvertNonNumericProviderDemo
Sub Main( )
' Create an instance of IFormatProvider.
Dim provider As New DummyProvider( )
Dim format As String = "{0,-17}{1,-17}{2}"
' Convert these values using DummyProvider.
Dim Int32A As String = "-252645135"
Dim DoubleA As String = "61680.3855"
Dim DayTimeA As String = "2001/9/11 13:45"
Dim BoolA As String = "True"
Dim StringA As String = "Qwerty"
Dim CharA As String = "$"
Console.WriteLine( "This example of selected " & _
"Convert.To<Type>( String, IFormatProvider ) " & vbCrLf & _
"methods generates the following output. The example " & _
"displays the " & vbCrLf & "provider type if the " & _
"IFormatProvider is called." )
Console.WriteLine( vbCrLf & _
"Note: For the ToBoolean, ToString, and ToChar " & _
"methods, the " & vbCrLf & "IFormatProvider object " & _
"is not referenced." )
' The format provider is called for the following conversions.
Console.WriteLine( )
Console.WriteLine( format, "ToInt32", Int32A, _
Convert.ToInt32( Int32A, provider ) )
Console.WriteLine( format, "ToDouble", DoubleA, _
Convert.ToDouble( DoubleA, provider ) )
Console.WriteLine( format, "ToDateTime", DayTimeA, _
Convert.ToDateTime( DayTimeA, provider ) )
' The format provider is not called for these conversions.
Console.WriteLine( )
Console.WriteLine( format, "ToBoolean", BoolA, _
Convert.ToBoolean( BoolA, provider ) )
Console.WriteLine( format, "ToString", StringA, _
Convert.ToString( StringA, provider ) )
Console.WriteLine( format, "ToChar", CharA, _
Convert.ToChar( CharA, provider ) )
End Sub
End Module
' This example of selected Convert.To<Type>( String, IFormatProvider )
' methods generates the following output. The example displays the
' provider type if the IFormatProvider is called.
'
' Note: For the ToBoolean, ToString, and ToChar methods, the
' IFormatProvider object is not referenced.
'
' NumberFormatInfo ToInt32 -252645135 -252645135
' NumberFormatInfo ToDouble 61680.3855 61680.3855
' DateTimeFormatInfo ToDateTime 2001/9/11 13:45 9/11/2001 1:45:00 PM
'
' ToBoolean True True
' ToString Qwerty Qwerty
' ToChar $ $
作者：VB.NET开发
项目：Syste
Dim values() As Object = { "r"c, "s", "word", CByte(83), 77, 109324, _
335812911, #3/10/2009#, CUInt(1934), _
CSByte(-17), 169.34, 175.6d, Nothing }
Dim result As Char
For Each value As Object In values
Try
result = Convert.ToChar(value)
Console.WriteLine("The {0} value {1} converts to {2}.", _
value.GetType().Name, value, result)
Catch e As FormatException
Console.WriteLine(e.Message)
Catch e As InvalidCastException
Console.WriteLine("Conversion of the {0} value {1} to a Char is not supported.", _
value.GetType().Name, value)
Catch e As OverflowException
Console.WriteLine("The {0} value {1} is outside the range of the Char data type.", _
value.GetType().Name, value)
Catch e As NullReferenceException
Console.WriteLine("Cannot convert a null reference to a Char.")
End Try
Next
作者：VB.NET开发
项目：Syste
' 导入命名空间
Imports System.Collections
Module IConvertibleProviderDemo
' Define the types of averaging available in the class
' implementing IConvertible.
Enum AverageType as Short
None = 0
GeometricMean = 1
ArithmeticMean = 2
Median = 3
End Enum
' Pass an instance of this class to methods that require an
' IFormatProvider. The class instance determines the type of
' average to calculate.
Public Class AverageInfo
Implements IFormatProvider
Protected AvgType As AverageType
' Specify the type of averaging in the constructor.
Public Sub New( avgType As AverageType )
Me.AvgType = avgType
End Sub
' This method returns a reference to the containing object
' if an object of AverageInfo type is requested.
Public Function GetFormat( argType As Type ) As Object _
Implements IFormatProvider.GetFormat
If argType Is GetType( AverageInfo ) Then
Return Me
Else
Return Nothing
End If
End Function
' Use this property to set or get the type of averaging.
Public Property TypeOfAverage( ) As AverageType
Get
Return Me.AvgType
End Get
Set( ByVal value as AverageType )
Me.AvgType = value
End Set
End Property
End Class
' This class encapsulates an array of Double values and implements
' the IConvertible interface. Most of the IConvertible methods
' return an average of the array elements in one of three types:
' arithmetic mean, geometric mean, or median.
Public Class DataSet
Implements IConvertible
Protected data As ArrayList
Protected defaultProvider As AverageInfo
' Construct the object and add an initial list of values.
' Create a default format provider.
Public Sub New( ParamArray values( ) As Double )
data = New ArrayList( values )
defaultProvider = New AverageInfo( _
AverageType.ArithmeticMean )
End Sub
' Add additional values with this method.
Public Function Add( value As Double ) As Integer
data.Add( value )
Return data.Count
End Function
' Get, set, and add values with this indexer property.
Default Public Property Item(index As Integer) As Double
Get
If index >= 0 AndAlso index < data.Count Then
Return System.Convert.ToDouble( data( index ) )
Else
Throw New InvalidOperationException( _
"[DataSet.get] Index out of range." )
End If
End Get
Set
If index >= 0 AndAlso index < data.Count Then
data( index ) = value
ElseIf index = data.Count Then
data.Add( value )
Else
Throw New InvalidOperationException( _
"[DataSet.set] Index out of range." )
End If
End Set
End Property
' This property returns the number of elements in the object.
Public ReadOnly Property Count( ) As Integer
Get
Return data.Count
End Get
End Property
' This method calculates the average of the object's elements.
Protected Function Average( ByVal avgType As AverageType ) As Double
Dim SumProd As Double
Dim Index As Integer
If data.Count = 0 Then Return 0.0
Select Case avgType
Case AverageType.GeometricMean
SumProd = 1.0
For Index = 0 To data.Count - 1
SumProd *= data( Index )
Next Index
' This calculation will not fail with negative
' elements.
Return Math.Sign( SumProd ) * Math.Pow( _
Math.Abs( SumProd ), 1.0 / data.Count )
Case AverageType.ArithmeticMean
SumProd = 0.0
For Index = 0 To data.Count - 1
SumProd += data( Index )
Next Index
Return SumProd / data.Count
Case AverageType.Median
If data.Count Mod 2 = 0 Then
Return ( data( data.Count \ 2 ) + _
data( data.Count \ 2 - 1 ) ) / 2.0
Else
Return data( data.Count \ 2 )
End If
End Select
End Function
' Get the AverageInfo object from the caller's format
' provider, or use the local default.
Protected Function GetAverageInfo( _
provider As IFormatProvider ) As AverageInfo
Dim avgInfo As AverageInfo = Nothing
If Not provider Is Nothing Then
avgInfo = provider.GetFormat( GetType( AverageInfo ) )
End If
Return IIf( avgInfo Is Nothing, defaultProvider, avgInfo )
End Function
' Calculate the average and limit the range.
Protected Function CalcNLimitAverage( min As Double, _
max As Double, provider as IFormatProvider ) As Double
' Get the format provider and calculate the average.
Dim avgInfo As AverageInfo = GetAverageInfo( provider )
Dim avg As Double = Average( avgInfo.TypeOfAverage )
' Limit the range, based on the minimum and maximum values
' for the type.
Return IIf( avg > max, max, IIf( avg < min, min, avg ) )
End Function
' The following elements are required by IConvertible.
' None of these conversion functions throw exceptions. When
' the data is out of range for the type, the appropriate
' MinValue or MaxValue is used.
Public Function GetTypeCode( ) As TypeCode _
Implements IConvertible.GetTypeCode
Return TypeCode.Object
End Function
Function ToBoolean( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider ) As _
Boolean Implements IConvertible.ToBoolean
' ToBoolean is false if the dataset is empty.
If data.Count <= 0 Then
Return False
' For median averaging, ToBoolean is true if any
' non-discarded elements are nonzero.
ElseIf AverageType.Median = _
GetAverageInfo( provider ).TypeOfAverage Then
If data.Count Mod 2 = 0 Then
Return ( data( data.Count \ 2 ) <> 0.0 Or _
data( data.Count \ 2 - 1 ) <> 0.0 )
Else
Return data( data.Count \ 2 ) <> 0.0
End If
' For arithmetic or geometric mean averaging, ToBoolean is
' true if any element of the dataset is nonzero.
Else
Dim Index As Integer
For Index = 0 To data.Count - 1
If data( Index ) <> 0.0 Then Return True
Next Index
Return False
End If
End Function
Function ToByte( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider ) As Byte _
Implements IConvertible.ToByte
Return Convert.ToByte( CalcNLimitAverage( _
Byte.MinValue, Byte.MaxValue, provider ) )
End Function
Function ToChar( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider ) As Char _
Implements IConvertible.ToChar
Return Convert.ToChar( Convert.ToUInt16( _
CalcNLimitAverage( 0.0, &HFFFF, provider ) ) )
End Function
' Convert to DateTime by adding the calculated average as
' seconds to the current date and time. A valid DateTime is
' always returned.
Function ToDateTime( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider ) As _
DateTime Implements IConvertible.ToDateTime
Dim seconds As Double = Average( _
GetAverageInfo( provider ).TypeOfAverage )
Try
Return DateTime.Now.AddSeconds( seconds )
Catch ex As ArgumentOutOfRangeException
Return IIf( seconds < 0.0, DateTime.MinValue, _
DateTime.MaxValue )
End Try
End Function
Function ToDecimal( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider ) As _
Decimal Implements IConvertible.ToDecimal
' The Double conversion rounds Decimal.MinValue and
' Decimal.MaxValue to invalid Decimal values, so the
' following limits must be used.
Return Convert.ToDecimal( CalcNLimitAverage( _
-79228162514264330000000000000.0, _
79228162514264330000000000000.0, provider ) )
End Function
Function ToDouble( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As _
Double Implements IConvertible.ToDouble
Return Average( GetAverageInfo( provider ).TypeOfAverage )
End Function
Function ToInt16( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider ) As _
Short Implements IConvertible.ToInt16
Return Convert.ToInt16( CalcNLimitAverage( _
Int16.MinValue, Int16.MaxValue, provider ) )
End Function
Function ToInt32( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider ) As _
Integer Implements IConvertible.ToInt32
Return Convert.ToInt32( CalcNLimitAverage( _
Int32.MinValue, Int32.MaxValue, provider ) )
End Function
Function ToInt64( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider ) As Long _
Implements IConvertible.ToInt64
' The Double conversion rounds Int64.MinValue and
' Int64.MaxValue to invalid Long values, so the following
' limits must be used.
Return Convert.ToInt64( CalcNLimitAverage( _
-9223372036854775000, 9223372036854775000, provider ) )
End Function
Function ToSByte( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider ) As _
SByte Implements IConvertible.ToSByte
' SByte.MinValue and SByte.MaxValue are not defined in
' Visual Basic.
Return Convert.ToSByte( CalcNLimitAverage( _
-128, 127, provider ) )
End Function
Function ToSingle( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider ) As _
Single Implements IConvertible.ToSingle
Return Convert.ToSingle( CalcNLimitAverage( _
Single.MinValue, Single.MaxValue, provider ) )
End Function
Function ToUInt16( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider ) As _
UInt16 Implements IConvertible.ToUInt16
' UInt16.MinValue and UInt16.MaxValue are not defined in
' Visual Basic.
Return Convert.ToUInt16( CalcNLimitAverage( _
0, &HFFFF, provider ) )
End Function
Function ToUInt32( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider ) As _
UInt32 Implements IConvertible.ToUInt32
' UInt32.MinValue and UInt32.MaxValue are not defined in
' Visual Basic.
Return Convert.ToUInt32( CalcNLimitAverage( _
0, 4294967295, provider ) )
End Function
Function ToUInt64( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider ) As _
UInt64 Implements IConvertible.ToUInt64
' UInt64.MinValue and UInt64.MaxValue are not defined in
' Visual Basic. The Double conversion would have rounded
' UInt64.MaxValue, so the following limit must be used.
Return Convert.ToUInt64( CalcNLimitAverage( _
0, 18446744073709550000.0, provider ) )
End Function
Function ToType( ByVal conversionType As Type, _
ByVal provider As IFormatProvider) As Object _
Implements IConvertible.ToType
Return Convert.ChangeType( Average( GetAverageInfo( _
provider ).TypeOfAverage ), conversionType )
End Function
Overloads Function ToString( ByVal provider As IFormatProvider _
) As String Implements IConvertible.ToString
Dim avgType as AverageType = _
GetAverageInfo( provider ).TypeOfAverage
Return String.Format( "( {0}: {1:G10} )", avgType, _
Average( avgType ) )
End Function
End Class
' Display a DataSet with three different format providers.
Sub DisplayDataSet( ds As DataSet )
Dim fmt As String = "{0,-12}{1,20}{2,20}{3,20}"
Dim median As AverageInfo = New AverageInfo( AverageType.Median )
Dim geMean As AverageInfo = _
New AverageInfo( AverageType.GeometricMean )
Dim iX As Integer
' Display the dataset elements.
If ds.Count > 0 Then
Console.Write( vbCrLf & "DataSet: [{0}", ds( 0 ) )
For iX = 1 To ds.Count - 1
Console.Write( ", {0}", ds( iX ) )
Next iX
Console.WriteLine( "]" & vbCrLf )
End If
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "Convert.", "Default", _
"Geometric Mean", "Median" )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "--------", "-------", _
"--------------", "------" )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "ToBoolean", _
Convert.ToBoolean( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToBoolean( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToBoolean( ds, median ) )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "ToByte", _
Convert.ToByte( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToByte( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToByte( ds, median ) )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "ToChar", _
Convert.ToChar( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToChar( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToChar( ds, median ) )
Console.WriteLine( "{0,-12}{1,20:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}" & _
"{2,20:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}{3,20:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss}", _
"ToDateTime", Convert.ToDateTime( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToDateTime( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToDateTime( ds, median ) )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "ToDecimal", _
Convert.ToDecimal( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToDecimal( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToDecimal( ds, median ) )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "ToDouble", _
Convert.ToDouble( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToDouble( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToDouble( ds, median ) )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "ToInt16", _
Convert.ToInt16( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToInt16( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToInt16( ds, median ) )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "ToInt32", _
Convert.ToInt32( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToInt32( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToInt32( ds, median ) )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "ToInt64", _
Convert.ToInt64( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToInt64( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToInt64( ds, median ) )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "ToSByte", _
Convert.ToSByte( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToSByte( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToSByte( ds, median ) )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "ToSingle", _
Convert.ToSingle( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToSingle( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToSingle( ds, median ) )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "ToUInt16", _
Convert.ToUInt16( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToUInt16( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToUInt16( ds, median ) )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "ToUInt32", _
Convert.ToUInt32( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToUInt32( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToUInt32( ds, median ) )
Console.WriteLine( fmt, "ToUInt64", _
Convert.ToUInt64( ds, Nothing ), _
Convert.ToUInt64( ds, geMean ), _
Convert.ToUInt64( ds, median ) )
End Sub
Sub Main( )
Console.WriteLine( _
"This example of the Convert.To<Type>( Object, " & _
"IFormatProvider ) methods " & vbCrLf & "generates " & _
"the following output. The example displays the " & _
"values " & vbCrLf & "returned by the methods, " & _
"using several IFormatProvider objects." & vbCrLf )
Dim ds1 As New DataSet( 10.5, 22.2, 45.9, 88.7, 156.05, 297.6 )
DisplayDataSet( ds1 )
Dim ds2 As New DataSet( _
359999.95, 425000, 499999.5, 775000, 1695000 )
DisplayDataSet( ds2 )
End Sub
End Module
' This example of the Convert.To<Type>( Object, IFormatProvider ) methods
' generates the following output. The example displays the values
' returned by the methods, using several IFormatProvider objects.
'
' DataSet: [10.5, 22.2, 45.9, 88.7, 156.05, 297.6]
'
' Convert. Default Geometric Mean Median
' -------- ------- -------------- ------
' ToBoolean True True True
' ToByte 103 59 67
' ToChar g ; C
' ToDateTime 2003-05-13 14:52:53 2003-05-13 14:52:09 2003-05-13 14:52:17
' ToDecimal 103.491666666667 59.4332135445164 67.3
' ToDouble 103.491666666667 59.4332135445164 67.3
' ToInt16 103 59 67
' ToInt32 103 59 67
' ToInt64 103 59 67
' ToSByte 103 59 67
' ToSingle 103.4917 59.43321 67.3
' ToUInt16 103 59 67
' ToUInt32 103 59 67
' ToUInt64 103 59 67
'
' DataSet: [359999.95, 425000, 499999.5, 775000, 1695000]
'
' Convert. Default Geometric Mean Median
' -------- ------- -------------- ------
' ToBoolean True True True
' ToByte 255 255 255
' ToChar ? ? ?
' ToDateTime 2003-05-22 07:27:49 2003-05-20 22:17:27 2003-05-19 09:44:29
' ToDecimal 750999.89 631577.237188435 499999.5
' ToDouble 750999.89 631577.237188435 499999.5
' ToInt16 32767 32767 32767
' ToInt32 751000 631577 500000
' ToInt64 751000 631577 500000
' ToSByte 127 127 127
' ToSingle 750999.9 631577.3 499999.5
' ToUInt16 65535 65535 65535
' ToUInt32 751000 631577 500000
' ToUInt64 751000 631577 500000
作者：VB.NET开发
项目：Syste
Dim numbers() As ULong = { UInt64.MinValue, 40, 160, 255, 1028, _
2011, 30001, 207154, Int64.MaxValue }
Dim result As Char
For Each number As ULong In numbers
Try
result = Convert.ToChar(number)
Console.WriteLine("{0} converts to '{1}'.", number, result)
Catch e As OverflowException
Console.WriteLine("{0} is outside the range of the Char data type.", _
number)
End Try
Next
作者：VB.NET开发
项目：Syste
Dim numbers() As UInteger = { UInt32.MinValue, 40, 160, 255, 1028, _
2011, 30001, 207154, Int32.MaxValue }
Dim result As Char
For Each number As UInteger In numbers
Try
result = Convert.ToChar(number)
Console.WriteLine("{0} converts to '{1}'.", number, result)
Catch e As OverflowException
Console.WriteLine("{0} is outside the range of the Char data type.", _
number)
End Try
Next
作者：VB.NET开发
项目：Syste
Dim numbers() As UShort = { UInt16.MinValue, 40, 160, 255, 1028, _
2011, UInt16.MaxValue }
Dim result As Char
For Each number As UShort In numbers
result = Convert.ToChar(number)
Console.WriteLine("{0} converts to '{1}'.", number, result)
Next
作者：VB.NET开发
项目：Syste
Dim nullString As String = Nothing
Dim strings() As String = { "A", "This", vbTab, nullString }
Dim result As Char
For Each strng As String In strings
Try
result = Convert.ToChar(strng)
Console.WriteLine("'{0}' converts to '{1}'.", strng, result)
Catch e As FormatException
Console.WriteLine("'{0}' is not in the correct format for conversion to a Char.", _
strng)
Catch e As ArgumentNullException
Console.WriteLine("A null string cannot be converted to a Char.")
End Try
Next
作者：VB.NET开发
项目：Syste
Dim numbers() As SByte = { SByte.MinValue, -1, 40, 80, 120, SByte.MaxValue }
Dim result As Char
For Each number As SByte In numbers
Try
result = Convert.ToChar(number)
Console.WriteLine("{0} converts to '{1}'.", number, result)
Catch e As OverflowException
Console.WriteLine("{0} is outside the range of the Char data type.", _
number)
End Try
Next
作者：VB.NET开发
项目：Syste
Public Sub ConvertLongChar(ByVal longVal As Long)
Dim charVal As Char = "a"c
Try
charVal = System.Convert.ToChar(longVal)
System.Console.WriteLine("{0} as a char is {1}", _
longVal, charVal)
Catch exception As System.OverflowException
System.Console.WriteLine( _
"Overflow in Long-to-Char conversion.")
End Try
' A conversion from Char to Long cannot overflow.
longVal = System.Convert.ToInt64(charVal)
System.Console.WriteLine("{0} as a Long is {1}", _
charVal, longVal)
End Sub
作者：VB.NET开发
项目：Syste
Dim numbers() As Short = { Int16.MinValue, 0, 40, 160, 255, 1028, _
2011, Int16.MaxValue }
Dim result As Char
For Each number As Short In numbers
Try
result = Convert.ToChar(number)
Console.WriteLine("{0} converts to '{1}'.", number, result)
Catch e As OverflowException
Console.WriteLine("{0} is outside the range of the Char data type.", _
number)
End Try
Next
作者：VB.NET开发
项目：Syste
Public Sub ConvertCharDecimal(ByVal charVal As Char)
Dim decimalVal As [Decimal] = 0
' Char to decimal conversion is not supported and will always
' throw an InvalidCastException.
Try
decimalVal = System.Convert.ToDecimal(charVal)
Catch exception As System.InvalidCastException
System.Console.WriteLine( _
"Char-to-Decimal conversion is not supported " + _
"by the .NET Framework.")
End Try
'Decimal to char conversion is also not supported.
Try
charVal = System.Convert.ToChar(decimalVal)
Catch exception As System.InvalidCastException
System.Console.WriteLine( _
"Decimal-to-Char conversion is not supported " + _
"by the .NET Framework.")
End Try
End Sub
作者：VB.NET开发
项目：Syste
Dim bytes() As Byte = {Byte.MinValue, 40, 80, 120, 180, Byte.MaxValue}
Dim result As Char
For Each number As Byte In bytes
result = Convert.ToChar(number)
Console.WriteLine("{0} converts to '{1}'.", number, result)
Next
作者：VB.NET开发
项目：Syste
Dim numbers() As Integer = { -1, 0, 40, 160, 255, 1028, _
2011, 30001, 207154, Int32.MaxValue }
Dim result As Char
For Each number As Integer In numbers
Try
result = Convert.ToChar(number)
Console.WriteLine("{0} converts to '{1}'.", number, result)
Catch e As OverflowException
Console.WriteLine("{0} is outside the range of the Char data type.", _
number)
End Try
Next
End Sub
' -1 is outside the range of the Char data type.
' 0 converts to ' '.
' 40 converts to '('.
' 160 converts to ' '.
' 255 converts to 'ÿ'.
' 1028 converts to '?'.
' 2011 converts to '?'.
' 30001 converts to '?'.
' 207154 is outside the range of the Char data type.
' 2147483647 is outside the range of the Char data type.
