def loads(s, encoding=None, cls=None, object_hook=None, parse_float=None,
parse_int=None, parse_constant=None, **kw):
"""Deserialize ``s`` (a ``str`` or ``unicode`` instance containing a JSON
document) to a Python object.
If ``s`` is a ``str`` instance and is encoded with an ASCII based encoding
other than utf-8 (e.g. latin-1) then an appropriate ``encoding`` name
must be specified. Encodings that are not ASCII based (such as UCS-2)
are not allowed and should be decoded to ``unicode`` first.
``object_hook`` is an optional function that will be called with the
result of any object literal decode (a ``dict``). The return value of
``object_hook`` will be used instead of the ``dict``. This feature
can be used to implement custom decoders (e.g. JSON-RPC class hinting).
``parse_float``, if specified, will be called with the string
of every JSON float to be decoded. By default this is equivalent to
float(num_str). This can be used to use another datatype or parser
for JSON floats (e.g. decimal.Decimal).
``parse_int``, if specified, will be called with the string
of every JSON int to be decoded. By default this is equivalent to
int(num_str). This can be used to use another datatype or parser
for JSON integers (e.g. float).
``parse_constant``, if specified, will be called with one of the
following strings: -Infinity, Infinity, NaN, null, true, false.
This can be used to raise an exception if invalid JSON numbers
are encountered.
To use a custom ``JSONDecoder`` subclass, specify it with the ``cls``
kwarg.
"""
if (cls is None and encoding is None and object_hook is None and
parse_int is None and parse_float is None and
parse_constant is None and not kw):
return _default_decoder.decode(s)
if cls is None:
cls = JSONDecoder
if object_hook is not None:
kw['object_hook'] = object_hook
if parse_float is not None:
kw['parse_float'] = parse_float
if parse_int is not None:
kw['parse_int'] = parse_int
if parse_constant is not None:
kw['parse_constant'] = parse_constant
return cls(encoding=encoding, **kw).decode(s)
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